Different Schools of Economics

 

What is Keynesian School of Economics?  

According to Keynesian Economics, government plays an important role in mitigating economic recession.

This school of thought was given during the height of Great Depression 1929 – 1933.

The Keynesian explanation of how the economy functions is based on three main principles.

1.      An economy that is both mostly run by the private sector and partially regulated by the government is supported by Keynesian economics.

2.      Prices, and wages in particular, react slowly to shifts in supply and demand.

3.      Keynesians believe that because prices are somewhat rigid, changes in any aspect of spending, whether government, investment, or consumer spending, affect output. For instance, if government expenditure rises while the other spending factors stay the same, output will rise.

 

GDP is the main factor in determining the strength of economy.

Spending drives the economic growth, savings decreases it. 

What is Austrian School of Economics?

The Austrian school of economics was founded in 1871 with the publication of Carl Menger’s Principles of Economics. menger, along with william stanley jevons and leon walras, developed the marginalist revolution in economic analysis.

The Austrian School of Economics promotes an economic and social thinking that is not trapped in unrealistic, mostly mathematical models. It does not see the economy as an object of state political regulation and central, almost engineering-like control. Rather, its analysis focuses on autonomous entrepreneurial action and the free interaction of individuals in the marketplace, which eludes both the logic of differential equations, and centrally planned political control.

Saving & Production drives the economic growth.

Interest rates determine the amount of savings available for the growth of economy.

 What is Monetarism? 

The total amount of money in an economy is the chief determinant of current dollar GDP in the short run and the price level over longer periods. The amount of money in the economy is adjusted through monetary policy, one of the tools available to governments to influence the overall functioning of the economy.

According to monetarists, the best way to achieve monetary policy goals is to target the rate of increase in the money supply.

What Is Neoclassical Economics?

Neoclassical economics is a broad theory that focuses on supply and demand as the driving forces behind the production, pricing, and consumption of goods and services.

 

Nobel Prize in Economics 2021 – Solving the Bigger Problems

 

The world has witnessed the movements like #BlackLivesMatter, #MeToo but one movement which is always going on in every part of the world is Immigrants Live Matter too.

Not only in developed countries like UK or USA but also in the developing countries like India, people in the big metropolitan cities do not like or do not treat equally to someone who comes from the remote part of the country. The feeling of superiority of being from one of the big cities or maybe that’s a feeling of insecurity Whatever it is but Immigrants Lives Do Matter no matter what part of world your in. And everyone has a right to live with respect and dignity.

It is a common and old believe that Immigrants steal the jobs or employment of locals. I personally experienced this not only in Pune but also in London. No matter how skilled the worker or employee is local have this strong believe that he/she is taking their employment opportunities.

2021 Nobel prize in Economics broke this status quo. The Nobel prize was given to three Economist from America – David Card, Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens.

These three Nobel Laureates tried to answer our daily life problems. Many questions in Social Science which deal with cause & effect are answered by these three Nobel Laureates.

Natural experiments help answer to important questions to the society, we now got answers to the following questions -  

1. How does immigration affect pay and employment levels?   

2. How does a longer education affect someone’s future income?

These questions are hard to answer because we do not have anything to use as a comparison.

These three American Nobel Laureates won the Nobel Prize in Economic Science.

The Nobel committee awarded half prize to David Card for his empirical contributions to the Labour Economics. The other half of the prize is jointly given to the Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens for their methodological contributions to the analysis of Causal Relationships.

Using natural experiments, David Card has analyzed the labour market effects of minimum wages, immigration and education. His studies from the early 1990s showed, among other things, that increasing the minimum wage does not necessarily lead to fewer jobs.

We now know that the incomes of people who were born in a country can benefit from new immigrants, while people who immigrated at an earlier time risk being negatively affected.

We have also realized that resources in schools are far more important for student’s future labour market success than was previously thought. Data from a natural experiment is difficult to interpret, however.

For example, extending compulsory education by a year for one group of students (but not another) will not affect everyone in that group in the same way.

In the mid – 1990s, Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens solved methodological problem, demonstrating how precise conclusions about cause & effect can be drawn from natural experiments.

Card’s studies of core questions for society and Angrist and Imbens’ methodological contributions have shown that natural experiments are a rich source of knowledge.

The research of these three Nobel laureates has substantially improves our ability to answer key causal questions, which has been of great benefit to society.

 

5 Inventions of Elon Musk

 All inventions of Elon Musk are revolutionizing. There is no doubt that Elon is changing life of Humans. So let's have a look at the best 5 inventions of Elon Musk.

1. NEURALINK - BRAIN CHIP 

This brain chip startup of Elon Musk is going to launch for clinical trails for humans this year. 

This technology will enable those who are disabled or paralyzed to use smartphone with their mind, faster than those who are using it with their thumbs. Neuralink chip will get implanted in the human brain, would allow a computer to translate a person's thoughts into action. This will fuse  humankind with Artificial Intelligence. 

2.   SUPERFAST - HYPERLOOP

In 2013, Elon Musk described his idea for a futuristic fast transportation that would send passengers from via tubes at speeds of hundreds of miles in a 58 pages Hyperloop alpha paper.

 Hyperloop is three and half times faster than Japan's shinkansen bullet trains and even faster than a Boeing 747. In hyperloop, the magnetic pods are levitating inside a tube at a more than thousand kilometers per hour. As per the theory, you can go from Los Angeles to San Francisco (around 560 km) in about 45 minutes. 

This transportation will make the world less polluted and travelling from one city to another daily  will become a norm. In the November 2020, the first test drive of hyperloop was successful and now we can expect it in reality in the coming decade. The technology use in Hyperloop is the Magnetic Levitation or Maglev. The zero friction between the train and surface makes it faster. And the tube is without air which makes it Zero Resistance. It's like the train is travelling in the air!

3. NOT-A-FLAMETHROWER 

It's not a Flamethrower but it throws flames out of it! This cool, crazy invention of the Boring Company is a big prototype of Propane Torch. It's kind of toy. Just don't burn anything or anyone! 

4 TESLA POWERWALL

The Tesla Powerwall is a rechargeable lithium-ion battery. This is a home energy manufacture made by Tesla. It stores solar energy that can be use later. This device is a perfect fit for rural areas where electricity is still hard to reach, areas like California where electricity is very expensive or areas like Australia which are gifted with lots of sunlight throughout the year.

 

5. SPACEX STARSHIP

This one is my personal favorite!  SpaceX's starship spacecraft and Super Heavy Rocket (also known as Starship). This is a fully reusable transportation system designed to carry Humans beyond the Earth to the Mars, moon and far beyond. 

This is the world's the most powerful launch vehicle ever developed. Recently, SpaceX did test of Starship SN15.

Investor Relations

Is Investor Relations an art or science?

Investor Relations refers to the Responsibility of managing communication between a company's corporate management and its Investors. IR is both an art or science. It is a Strategic Management profile where a person needs to possess communication, finance, marketing and security laws knowledge to manage Investor Relations. 

Sarbanes-Oxley act 2002 is a US federal law that mandates certain practices in financial record keeping and reporting for corporations. After Sarbanes-Oxley act 2002, the IR profile has seen significant growth.

Sarbanes-Oxley act emphasized the need for IR management in the finance industry.

Investor relations falls under the bracket of Corporate Finance. 

IR is a crucial function for any listed company. A competent IR team not only raises the profile of the company but also the value it's securities. Due to it's strategic nature, the role demands the diverse skill sets from a professional. The one who is working as IR needs to have knowledge of finance, as well as a strong understanding of the business or sectors or organization operates in, the macroeconomic factors, and the corporate strategy and various processes within the organization.  Also, having above average communication skills and knowledge of security laws is an advantage. Due to this IRs are "Jack of all trades, master of none."

This profile is kind of Functional Orphan. IRs can have very distinctive backgrounds, coming from marketing, the sell side, treasury, communications, finance or a host of any other areas.

The main responsibility of IR is to think from the Investor's perspective. By putting yourself in Investor's shoes one can perform better in this role.    

  A strong IR team adds value to the company. IR is an Intelligence agent who has identified the hot-button issues investors care about. IR in India is at a very nascent stage. 

Stats for Indian Economy

 - Hey there,

Okay, so first of all  I'm not writing this post because I love India or due to my patriotic feelings.

This is post based on real statistical data which shows that Indian economy is growing expeditiously and will grow only in the upcoming years.  These are just few but important points to consider.

Currently, India is the 6th largest economy behind the US, China, Japan, Germany and the UK.

1. As per the recent IHS Markit, India to surpass Japan as Asia's 2nd the largest economy by 2030.

2. India's nominal GDP is forecast to rise from $2.7 trillion in 2021 to $8.4 trillion by 2030.

3. India's consumption expenditure will double from $1.5 trillion in 2020 to $3 trillion by 2030. India's middle class is going to spend more and more in the upcoming years.

4. For the full fiscal year 2021-2022, India's real GDP growth rate is projected to be 8.2%.

5. The Indian economy is forecast to grow at 6.7% in the 2022-2023 fiscal year.

And the last one, but the most important factor in the growth of Indian Economy is India's Highest Demographic Dividend. India's young population will be the most efficient factor for growth of this country.  

 

Anna (2019)

Recently, I watched Anna on Netflix.  And I got my “Female James Bond” and Assassin.

Somewhere you may feel like this movie is like ‘Red Sparrow’ but no. It’s better than it.

Directed and written by Luc Besson, Anna is full of Action, Suspense and Thrill.

Yes, like Red Sparrow, it is with sex also. But not that much.

Our main lead character is Sasha Luss (Anna), who is a Russian spy working for KGB. She kills people but first attracting them towards her. So she is beautiful, hot and Fearless!

Then further in movie our Anna starts working for American Spy Agency. And somewhere gets stuck between USA and Russia, with no life for herself. But Anna never chose to become spy for herself.

She was just accepting what life had offered her. But after certain point she decides to choose herself over USA and Russia.

Anna in this movie is in love with three people, her Girl Friend Maude (Lera Abova), the Russian KGB agent Alex (Luke Evans) and CIA agent Lenny Miller (Cillian Murphy). But in the end, she chooses herself only! There is one more female lead character in this movie, Olga played by Helen Mirren.

In the end Olga, becomes the new head (and female) head of KGB.

Apart from spying on people, getting information and killing them, Anna works as a Fashion Model. This helps her to keep her profile low and stay away from any trouble due to her job of spying. For that she made a GF in Paris, which also helps her to keep men away from her! It’s a complete female centric movie.

The best part of movie is that it’s full of suspense. The movie plot sometimes goes in the past, sometimes in the present. Full of Twists! Going back and forth. And this I think makes this movie more interesting and suspenseful. Narrative of this movie is great but execution it was a little sloppy. Movie is bit lengthy. It could have been better. But acting is really really good, specially Anna is on the fire!

On my personal note, I fall in love with the song “I’m Criminal.” What a song man! The lyrics 100/100.

Even if you don’t watch this movie, you must have to listen this song, “I’m Criminal.” The other song, “My Beauty,” is also beautiful lyrics and amazing music. 

Overall nice and Entertaining movie with lots of Action and Suspense. 

 

Sketches into Animations

 Hey there,

hope who ever reads this is sound and fit!

I tried and learned something new today. I do sketching in my free time and wanted to do something digital with it. But do not know what to do! So I did some research and found something cool!!!

Here it is, basically you can convert your sketches into the Animations within just few clicks.

There these 2 funky and cool tools - I will give the links at the end.

1. Video Scribe

2.Sketch Meta Demo Lab

For Video Scribe, I used the Free Trail version. You can opt for Premium version. It's really cool and easy to use.

And Sketch Meta Demo Lab, it's still under Research & Development. So you can not have the Free or Premium version of it. You can not download the video, so I recorded it into my phone. It's good site but a long way to go for development of it.

Link for - Video Scribe

Link for -Sketch Meta Demo Lab

Give it a try. If you are some one who is new to the learning Animations and if you are a crazy kid then you will definitely enjoy it. Also, try to explore more such tools and do something  funky and cool!

Adios!

'my playlist'🎵🎧

 Music is an Integral part of my life. Specially in the busy and hectic weekdays.

Now a days, Gayle's Abcdefu is on my top list! No, no I didn't have a breakup or anything! Lol.

It just a plot of video and the lyrics. It's so amazing.

So here is the list of songs, that these days I'm in love!

1. Abcdefu by Gayle 

2. Without me by Halsey

3. Exile by Taylor Swift

4. Easy on me by Adele 

5. Ghost by Justin Bieber

6. All too well - Taylor's version

7. Imagine Dragons x j.i.d. - enemy 

8. Dreams come true by Aespa

9.Sacrific by the Weekend

10.Woman by Doja Cat

Hope you also like my playlist and Enjoy!

'Red Notice'

Time for movie review! Recently, I watched "Red Notice" on the Netflix. The main reason I watched this movie because I love the "Wonder Woman" actress Gal Gadot! She is my all time favorite actress and watching her in Red Notice as a lead and dashing one was really worth it. Anyone mark my words anyone will get mesmerized by seeing her in that Red dress! 

       Let's talk about the movie. Directed and written by Rawson Marshall Thurber and starring Gal Gadot, Ryan Reynolds and Dwayne Johnson. All celebratory star cast and with lots of suspense and action. It's a bit long movie. The movie is all about cops running behind thieves. It's all about stealing 3 eggs of Cleopatra (which in reality don't exist!). 

      Our all time favorite actor, Dwayne Johnson is cop plus secret cop in this movie. Watching him in action makes this movie worth it. And our good looking Rawson, he is the world famous thief and the only person who knows how to find the third egg of Queen Cleopatra. The movie is full of action and fun. At one point, I felt the dialogues between Ryan and Dwayne are quite funny or I can say very lame. But these two gentlemen, showed great comedy! 

In this movie, Johnson played the role of John Hartley, an FBI officer who is chasing behind the famous art thief Nolan Booth (Ryan Reynolds). The queen of my heart, Gal Gadot, she acted as "The Bishop." She is the best art thief in the world followed by Booth. So there is the kind of competition between Booth and the Bishop, to prove who is the best. Till the end of movie, audience gets a huge shock by seeing that Hartley and the Bishop are actually love birds. Poor booth he thought Hartley is his friend and partner in the crime. After all, love is always above the friendship!!!

The movie showed us beautiful sights of Rome, France, Spain., Russia, Argentina and many more. And it's really beautiful. Overall the movie is full of action, fun and suspense. Great star cast and great locations. But nothing new as such. If you are the fan of any of the lead star cast then you will definitely enjoy this movie.

 

 

My Favourities!!!

The following is the list of names of women who made their position on the table and place in the world of Business and Corporate! A true inspiration to follow.

1. Ruth Porat - CFO of Google 
2.  Ginni Rometty - CEO of IBM
3. Sheryl Sandberg - COO of Facebook
4. Amy Hood - CFO of Microsoft
5. Mary Barra - CEO of GM 
6. Sarvitha Sethi - ex CFO of Coca -Cola India
7. Dhivya Suryadevara - ex CFO of GM
8. Nadia Chauhan - Joint MD Parle Agro
9. Roshni Nadar Malhotra - CEO of HCL
10. Kiran Mazumdar Shaw - Founder of Biocon
11. Shobhana Bartiya - HT Media
12. Arundhati Bhattacharya - Ex Chairman of SBI
13. Suneeta Reddy - MD Apollo Hospitals
14. Dr Gita Gopinath - Chief Economist at IMF
15. Jessica Herrin - CEO & Founder of Stella & Dot.
16. Jacqueline Novogratz - Founder & CEO, Acumen
17. Whitney Wolf Herd - Founder & CEO, Bumble
18. Wendy Clark - Global President & CEO, SoulCycle
19. Marne Levine - COO of Instagram
20. Stallie Krawcheck - CEO & Co-founder, Ellevest

Telescopes 🔭

On the 24th December, 2021, humans launched and successfully placed our the gigantic telescope ever made by humans into the space - the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). 

The history of telescopes is very very like very old. 

It was the polymath scientist and astronomer Galileo Galilei to use telescope and he supported the Sun centric model of our solar system. But he was not the one who made telescopes. It was the German-Dutch spectacle maker Hans Lippershey who discovered telescope. In 1609 Galileo, was the first human who saw the moon and satellites of the Jupiter.  And today, Elon Musk is planning to build colonies for humans on other planets! The journey was really Incredible. 

Today, I'm going to share insights on one telescope, which anyone can use to observe the sky at the night. And that also in the low budget. With the increase in TV, Social Media and what not (I'm already included!), our generation forgot to observe sky and to know more about the universe of which we are the part of. There are 3 types of telescopes, the Reflecting telescope, the Refractory telescope and the Catadioptric telescope. Larger the aperture of the telescope, more light it gathers. 

Based on the user's need, one can choose the telescope. Reflector telescopes are good for brighter celestial objects like the moon or the planets or for the beginners. On flip side, the refractor telescopes are ideal to observe galaxies or nebulae. And Catadioptric Telescope is the perfect combination of these two telescopes. 

The SSEA MOD 76700 Reflector Astronomical Telescope is the best telescope to observe the sky.

It is powerful telescope with a long focal length. It looks attractive and it is made up of strong material.

It is made up of stainless steel so not heavy and easy to carry. By coupling it with mobile applications Stellarium or Sky Safari you can easily discover and observe the unknowns of the sky.

Mod gives you 360 degree view of the sky. It is easy to assemble. You can also capture images of planets by combining the use of telescope and your smart phone.

My Netflix Movies Club🎬

 Hey, People

I'm going to start something new but entertaining! I'm starting a series of blog, will not upload on the daily bases (can't possible!) but yeah I will post something regularly. It is going to be based on Netflix movies that I watched. And some insights from it. So stay tuned Netizens ! It's a outcome coming from my Entertainment!

So I watched this movie 21 which is an American film directed by Robert Luketic. The story is based on true story of the MIT Blackjack Team  as told in Bringing Down the House, the best-selling book by Ben Mezrich. 

 I felt this story somewhere personally because of  the main character Ben (James Anthony Sturgess), he was looking for any life story to write in his essays for his application at Harvard Medical School. I know the struggle students go through while writing these essays. And Ben get his story for those essays which is a movie!

 Ben is smart kid studying mathematics as major at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He always wanted to study at Harvard, academically our hero is the best. He got  1500 in his SAT, 44 in his MCATs and have 4.0 GPA from MIT. His profile is a perfect fit for Harvard but due to financial reasons he struggles a lot and ends up playing at cards at casinos in Las Vegas. 

Of course due to his smartness, he abled to collect all the money for tuition fees at Harvard and he gets his story for his essays. Ben also gets the MIT's most popular girl (Jill) as his girl friend! The love story is sweet. 

"Winner Winner, Chicken Dinner! "

Micky (Kevin Spacey), a math professor at MIT, with the help of his five brilliant students at MIT wins millions of dollars at Las Vegas. The director can show more in Las Vegas. Still Vegas glitters as always.

The plot of this movie is really good. There are different good & bad reviews about this movie. But let's keep the bad side aside and by looking at other side you will enjoy the movie. The ending was predictable like all movies, our hero Ben figures out everything in the end. And get into Harvard Medical School. 

Kevin Spacey did a great job of bad guy that I hated the most. He was really asshole! So brutal and selfish professor. I already hate him since I watched House of Cards. And in his real life, our villain ruined his life due to personal stuff.

The ending is in Harvard, where Ben is telling the Dean of Harvard his story for essays.

And this movie completely dazzled me!  I will give 7/10. 

Chicken Alfredo Spaghetti 🍝

 Wanted to make something Italian Dish but easy and quick to make.  Who doesn't like Spaghetti! So I decided to try Spaghetti at home. Of course, I gave it some little Indian Twist.

Ingredients - 🍝 

1. Wheat Spaghetti - 300g

2. Chicken Breast Piece 🐔 - 200g

3. Cut Mushrooms 🍄 - 100g

4.Cut Onions 🧅 - 1/2 large 

5. Garlic 🧄 - 2 cloves

6. Red sauce for Pasta (You can have ready made from the market or you can make it at home as well!)

7. Salt 🧂 - 1tsp

8. Parsley 

9. Parmesan Cheese 🧀 - 1/2 cup

10.Butter 🧈 -2 tsp

Directions - 👩‍🍳 🍳

1. Put Spaghetti without breaking into the boiling water. with Salt in it.  Don't overcook it, since we are going to cook it with sauce and chicken as well.

2.In the other pot, put 2 tsp Butter and add 2 garlic crushed cloves into it. Butter and Garlic always good together! Stir it well, and slowly add nice and cleaned Chicken Pieces into it. Put some cut Mushrooms and Onions into it. Add some butter to so that everything will get mix properly.

3. In the meanwhile, the spaghetti will get ready. Drain the water from it and take it in other dish.

4.Now put your cooked Spaghetti into Chicken and other ingredients. Put salt as per your requirement.

5. Add your favorite Italian herbs into it. You can also add our Indian Spices into it. Put some Red Pasta Sauce and mix everything well.

6. Let it cook for 10-12 minutes.

7.In between, you can check if its ready or not by tasting it !

8.Once it's ready, sprinkle the magical  Parmesan Cheese on it!

9. Add some fresh and cut Parsley above it to decorate it!

You can also use cream to make your sauce. It's ready now! Serve it to your love ones and Enjoy! This is a full of flavors dish that you can have on your lunch or dinner.

***Disclaimer -  You can give it own twist and may discover something new and tasty! ***

 

Capital Structure VS Financial Structure

 Capital Structure –

It refers to the makeup of a firm’s capitalization.

It represents the mix of different sources of long-term funds like an equity, shares, preference shares, long term loans, retained earnings etc. in short it covers the TOTAL CAPITALIZATION of the company.

Financial Structure –

It refers to the balance between all of the company’s liabilities and its equities.

So it is more concerned about the “Liabilities + Equities” side of the Balance Sheet.

Note - Financial structure is a part of the Capital structure but Capital structure is not a part of the Financial structure.

Manager of the Century – Jack Welch

 In 1960, Jack Welch joined GE (General Electric) as a Chemical Engineer. GE is a company founded by Thomas Edison with the help of J.P.Morgan. So there is no doubt about the legacy this company carries. Jack was the one who added one more feather to it and the world got it’s the best manager.

At the age of 37, Jack Welch was the youngest VP at GE. He was CEO of GE from 1981 to 2001.

During his time, the market cap of GE increased from $13 billion to $500 billion. In the year 1999, Fortune  named him as “Manager of the Century.”

Some of the important leadership lessons from Jack Welch –

1.  Ask the important question.
2.  Inspire followers, not workers.
3.  Set priorities, and then reset them.
4. Take personal responsibility.
5.  Love ‘em to death.

 

Welch's philosophy can, however, be summarized with a quote from him that I believe sets the bar for all leaders.

Get the hell out of the office. Get out and touch the people. Listen, listen, listen. Love 'em to death and touch them, get inside their skin. Excite them about what they're doing. Give purpose to their jobs and their lives. That's what this is all about. We spend most of our waking hours on these jobs. Make them fun, make them exciting, and reward the hell out of the ones who do the job you ask them to do.

 

The First Lady Teacher of India - Savitribai Phule

      Today is the birth anniversary of the first female teacher of India. Now we see many female teachers working in schools, colleges and in universities. So we may feel that what’s a big deal in the first female teacher? But there is a lot a struggle and a battle against the wrong which resulted in free education for a girl child in India today. Today, we see Indian women are leading in every field, it was Savitribai Phule who kept the first brick of women education. 

It was Savitribai who taught at the first ever all-girls school in India. She is the first female teacher known for teaching. Throughout her entire life, she dedicated herself to the upliftment of the underprivileged and abolishing the caste system through making the untouchables an equal part of the society. Thus, in 1852, she opened a school for untouchable girls and became the first lady teacher of India, teaching them at no cost. 

After marrying to Jyoti Rao Phule at the age of 9, her journey to transfer the India started. Her husband Jyoti Rao Phule was a leading social reformer and he was the one who taught Savitribai. He was very supportive husband. With Jyoti Rao's support, Savitribai took women's education to a new level and liberated it from male-dominated culture. Even something as simple as establishing a women's school during the pre-independence phase did not occur overnight; instead, it took years of hardship to realize.

Along with transforming the situation by opening the school, she also contributed to widow remarriage and the abolition of untouchability. For the contribution of Savitribai and her husband we do not have enough words. But yes we can continue their legacy of trying to make a difference and change in our society.

James Web Space Telescope 🔭

On 24^th December, 2021, humans placed their new weapon before Christmas Eve into the space. Dedicated to James E. Webb, who served as NASA administrator from 1961 to 1968 and had a significant role in the Apollo program. Webb launched Christmas morning from Courou, French Guiana, on South America's northeast coast, a spaceport operated by the European Space Agency. This was probably the best gift to the Humanity and Science by the scientists. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is more powerful than its predecessors, and will be able to see much further into space, enabling us to find distant planets in distant galaxies.

The search for an atmosphere that could support life will even be made possible with the James Webb Space Telescope. It is more powerful than Hubble Telescope. As part of the project, NASA is working with the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) to fund the infrared telescope Webb. The telescope will orbit 1.5 million kilometers in orbit and weigh 6 metric tons.

It has many new technological advances, including a deployable sunshield and a folding segmented mirror. There are many powerful telescopes on the earth but not in space. Now that the most powerful telescope built by humans has been launched, the new era of space exploration has already begun. 

The successor of Hubble is 100 times more powerful. It has bigger mirrors than Hubble and also has a location advantage since it is 1.5 million kilometres away from the earth.  James Webb removed all the drawbacks (can’t say that!) of the hubble telescope. Hubble telescope enabled us to see teenage galaxies whereas the James Webb Telescope will now enable us to see new born galaxies. So I can say that, it’s a kind of Time Machine! Additionally, researchers will be able to observe a range of asteroids, some of which have moons, to learn more about our solar system's makeup and history. This will enable us to learn more about our universe and also will help us to add on to our current space knowledge.

With the help of James Webb Space Telescope we can now have the map of the universe. Since it can penetrate the universe via infrared. Newly born stars and other astronomical bodies are hidden behind dust that absorbs visible light, but with the help of JWST infrared can penetrate that dust. Hubble was not designed mainly to hunt another earth but James Webb is mainly designed to hunt the next earth.

After the launch of JWST, we may now need to rewrite our Science and other textbooks!

It’s a coup of Technology! Webb's primary mirror is 6.5 meters (21 feet 4 inches) across; a mirror this large has never before been launched into space. It is made up of 18 hexagonal mirror segments measuring 4.3 feet (1.32 m) in diameter. The size of this enormous sunshield is about 70 by 47 feet (21 by 14 meters) when deployed, or approximately the size of a tennis court.

So let’s see how this Gem in the Space changes our viewpoint to see towards the Sky!

83

 

83 is movie based on the India’s first Cricket World Cup win on 25th June, 1983. Directed by Kabir Khan, this movie is really the blast not only for the cricket fans but also for every single Indian.  

It has been said that the 25th June 1983 is etched in the minds and hearts of each and every Indian alive - it was the day of reckoning for Indian cricket, and it is hard to argue that this achievement turned the sport into a cult in the country.

Touted as an underdog, Indian cricketers had never won a World Cup match except one match, having beaten East Africa in the previous two versions.

The victory at Lords, accompanied by a photo of Kapil Dev holding the coveted trophy high with the national team, gave a new dimension and pillar to the national pride.

Since the announcement of 83, many was the expectation from the movie. 83 is therefore saddled with a lot of objectives, views, opinions, desires, and national pride that vary greatly.

Kabir Khan was entrusted with giving the victory a dimension perhaps unknown to us, and possibly to an entire generation, until now. While he succeeds partially with it for early-life audiences, he scores hugely for Gen Y, millennials, and Gen Z, for whom 83 is a story of pride rising from the ashes, it's everything you could hope for. Your swashbuckling presentation of the subject will be to our liking, Kabir Khan.

Critically, though, 83 is very far from Kabir Khan's legacy of films, and I cannot help comparing it to Shimit Amin's "Chak De India". In the latter story, Amin had a whole blank canvas to paint on, whereas 83 tied Khan's hands to some extent with reality in terms of creativity. It's very difficult to take Ranveer Singh out of Ranveer Singh, and Kapil Dev is infused with much of the actor's personality. They're surrounded by talented actors, but Khan didn't give them much meat to chew on.

The emotional journey of Gavaskar, Mohinder Amarnath, Vengsarkar, Sandeep Patil, Ravi Shastri, Sandhu, Valson and others also deserves a place, but then one can argue that 83 would have become a miniseries, not a film.

I agree. Music is very inspiring and I bring all the songs back with me. Unfortunately, Cricket wasn't very technically sound - too much focus was put on ground banter, clichéd shots making techniques, and uninspiring fielding clips (read players hunched over on the ground).  Must watch movie.